The Wireless Display - An Introduction to Wireless Display Technology

Wireless display technology is quickly becoming prevalent, even standard infrastructure for meeting rooms and classrooms across the globe. Making displays wirelessly accessible empowers the participants in a room to share information more freely and naturally, improving meeting results and productivity.

In the future when we look back, we suspect the evolution of wireless display technology from our current displays will seem obvious - the same way color televisions were a natural progression from the black and white sets. But, as the adage goes, hindsight is 20-20. Right now, as we live through the adoption phase, there's a gap between previous standards - i.e. the old way of doing things - and the new technology that will shape the future. As a provider of a wireless display solution, we want to offer an overview for those that may be new to the technology - what wireless displays are, what differentiates wireless display solutions, and how they are shaping the future of meetings and collaboration at the crossroads of our digital and interpersonal lives.

So what is a wireless display?

A wireless display is any type of display - i.e. flat panel LED, LCD, projector, video wall, etc. - that can be accessed wirelessly from a separate device - such as a laptop, tablet or smartphone. The vast majority of solutions available in the market operate over standard IP networks like WiFi. In other words, users join the WiFi network that the wireless display is attached to in order to connect. In general, today's enterprise solutions are separate consoles or dongles that plug into existing displays to make the displays wirelessly accessible.

At the most basic level, wireless displays enable users to share content from a device to the display without being tethered to the display by way of a video cable. If you've ever walked into a conference room to give a presentation, you probably had to plug an HDMI or VGA cable into your laptop in order to show your presentation up on the main screen. Wireless displays cut the cable in conference rooms, enabling users to present on the main screen wirelessly. But as we discuss in the next section, wireless displays also do much more.

What differentiates wireless display solutions?

Beyond cutting the cable, available solutions have fewer things in common than you might guess. Each solution has a unique approach to the problem and supports different features. At the highest level, we should distinguish between consumer solutions - that primarily serve entertainment purposes - and productivity-focused, enterprise wireless display solutions employed by businesses and education institutions. Consumer solutions are primarily used for streaming entertainment content like Netflix. These solutions are generally limited to one connected user at a time, and often have limited support for the various user device platforms, such as support for Apple AND Windows devices. A couple examples of these solutions include Google Chromecast and Apple TV. Ultimately these consumer products can be great for home/consumer use but usually aren't the best solutions for meeting rooms or classrooms.

On the other hand, enterprise solutions are productivity-focused and usually support a broader range of content (like business applications, presentations, etc.) as well as a broader range of user devices (like Windows, Apple, and Android). However even within the 'productivity-focused' category, there is a lot of distinction and variation between solutions in terms of features and the overall approach. Here are a few factors that we think are the most important.

Unlimited users with unlimited sharing

The single biggest factor that sets wireless collaboration solutions apart is the ability to support any number of connected users sharing any amount of content on the display simultaneously. Ideally, users would not be locked into a single person connecting and sharing or even quad view/sharing. Instead, users could connect and share any amount of content at once, supporting any type of meeting - from a single-presenter session, to an auditorium full of collaborators each sharing content simultaneously.

Customizable layouts and user control

In addition to supporting unlimited users and sharing, the ideal scenario would be to give connected users control of both the media content shared (e.g. any users can pause or play a video shared by another user) AND control of the layout of the content on the screen. Users could then arrange, move, delete, and scale content posts to achieve the layout that best serves their particular meeting. The result being engaged meeting participants and higher fidelity results based on user-controlled content and layouts customized for the task at hand.

Future-Proof Software Architecture

Solutions that are software based are able to add new features quickly and frequently and are accessible via over-the-air software updates. We think this is really important for an emerging technology like wireless displays because user requirements are still being defined. Additionally, the software-based wireless display solution leverages previous investments in the meeting room equipment and infrastructure, such as existing in-room PCs and WiFi/Ethernet networks.

How (and why) wireless display technology is changing the world

Changing the world? Really?? It's a big claim, but hear us out. The emergence of wireless display technology is really a product of other technology trends and market forces colliding, and it has the potential to result in the more natural integration of our technology into our work and interpersonal lives. Mobile computing in the form of smartphones and tablets is here to stay, and the 'Internet of things' phenomenon is now upon us. Soon, nearly everything that isn't already Internet-connected will be, including the appliances in our homes and the cars we drive. These two trends are driving the need for and development of wireless display technology.

Spending hours per day on our smartphones and tablets has made us experts at using our personal mobile devices as information resources. So employing those devices and skills in the service of meeting-room and classrooms productivity is an easy if not natural progression. What better way to do so than to transform those existing in-room displays into network-enabled collaboration hotspots that can be easily accessed from all those laptops and mobile devices?

With computers now in (nearly) every pocket, we're moving toward a culture of perpetual engagement. As a result, the traditional broadcast paradigm of displays supporting only a one directional flow of information has become antiquated. It has been replaced by the paradigm of the wireless display that is accessible and shared by multiple people for a more interactive and engaging experience.

Beyond productivity and entertainment, we see the potential for an interesting second-order effect on a social level as a result of wireless displays. Remember with the adoption of smartphones it seemed like everyone was always looking down at their phone screens instead of looking at the person right in front of them? We believe wireless display technology could bring mobile computing full circle by enabling users to naturally engage with their devices AND the person(s) in front of them at the same time via a shared wireless display. People likely aren't going to stop using their mobile devices, even when out with one another in public. But we believe wireless display technology can expand the use of mobile devices from solely isolated, private experiences to inform and enrich our shared, social experiences as well.

What exactly does the future of wireless technology look like? Only time will tell, but we're betting it's going to change the way we meet, collaborate, and relate with one another and our devices. Welcome to a world without wires.

Mersive is a leading provider of wireless media streaming and collaboration software for corporate, education, and government markets. Mersive Solstice software products allow any number of users to simultaneously stream content from computers, tablets, and phones to any display - wirelessly from their own devices using their existing network. Solstice facilitates collaboration among knowledge workers to foster engagement, facilitate decision-making, and improve productivity in meeting spaces and classrooms.

Pharmaceutical Technology Transfer Process

To manufacture quality drugs consistently, there is need to transfer necessary technologies and information. This process is referred to as technology transfer. It is a process of taking a certain invention from its birth in a laboratory and transforming it to a commercialized product.

In the pharmaceutical industry, the term technology transfer is used to coin all the processes that are required for successful development from drug discovery to product improvement to clinical trials to total commercialization. It is also understood as the process by which technology developers avail their technology to their commercial partners who in turn exploits it.

The process of technology transfer

Technology transfer is both critical and integral to the drug discovery and improvement process for new medicinal products. The decision to transfer such products between manufacturing sites is normally motivated by economics. The key stages of the process include;

1. Data collection

2. Data review

3. Regulatory impact (more emphasis on change approvals)

4. Analytical validation

5. Pilot or total process batch

6. Stability set down

In a typical research-based pharmaceutical company, the discovery of drugs and their development can be categorized into various stages namely; the research phase and the development phase.

Primarily, the research phase is just comprised of scientific research that will create new services and products that will benefit the public. After the initial research, the process goes to the development phase. At this stage, more research is done to decide whether the product has market potential and does market analysis to decide if there is customer need. Once the research has market potential, the opportunity is protected through filing for intellectual property protection. After licensing, commercialization begins and the service or product is brought to the market. This is the last phase; the production phase. Feedback from marketed products is also considered.

The stages of formulation are;

1. Pre-formulation studies

2. Bench scale- 1/1000th of Y

3. Lab scale - 1/100th of Y

4. Scale up- 1/10th of Y

5. Commercial- Y

Where Y - final commercial scale lot size

Importance of technology transfer

Illuminates important information to transfer technology starting from R&D to manufacturing by sorting out information obtained during R&D.

To elucidate crucial information to transfer technology of products on hand between various manufacturing places

To exemplify points of concern and certain procedures thereby, contributing to smooth technology transfer

Ensuring a successful technology transfer

To make sure that technology transfer in pharmaceuticals takes place successfully, there are certain items that should be challenged. Such include;

1. A safety and health review should be conducted to ensure the capability to handle the products safely.

2. Cleaning validation should be assessed. In addition, batch records and specifications should be well written.

3. Packaging line trials should be performed especially if a product is new to the site. Online transfer against the procedure signed off by the client should be enabled by indicating stability methods.

4. Operators should also be trained and QA agreements put in place. Timelines should also be adhered to and critical issues and events communicated.

Ankur Choudhary is a professional pharmaceutical blogger and founder of Pharmaceutical Guidelines.

Are Your Kids Learning Science Through Explicit or Tacit Knowledge?

An important consideration in selecting a homeschool science curriculum is the framework upon which it is based. Most often, traditional curriculum uses a tacit knowledge approach. Educational research has shown that teaching kids using a combination of tacit and explicit knowledge provides the deepest comprehension. Let's explore this concept a bit further by defining the difference between explicit and tacit knowledge and considering how it affects a child's learning experience.

The Difference Between Explicit and Tacit Knowledge

Explicit knowledge is systematic; it can be expressed in and communicated via words, numbers, data, a scientific formula or based on universal principles which are easily understood. Explicit knowledge is easy to characterize and share but it is shallow, representing only a small portion of that which can be learned. Explicit knowledge is the type of learning most often provided by textbooks, such as picture of a periodic table or a written explanation of a chemical reaction.

Tacit knowledge, on the other hand, isn't so easy to share or record. It is based on personal experience and considered highly subjective. Tacit knowledge is usually invisible and requires framing within a personal context. It relies on thoughts, wisdom, aptitude, beliefs, perspectives and other intangibles. Tacit knowledge helps students understand complex relationships.

Here's a simple way to think about explicit and tacit knowledge. When learning to drive a car, there's only so much you can learn by reading a manual (explicit knowledge). In order to drive, you must have some time behind the wheel getting used to the "feel" of the vehicle, learning how to respond to obstacles and understanding that objects in the side mirrors are closer than they appear (tacit knowledge).

Why Kids Need to Learn Tacit Knowledge About Science

Kids in the homeschool classroom come with all sorts of preconceived notions about science. They are not blank slates, wiped clean and ready to memorize information found in a textbook. They've already formed opinions based on information they've experienced directly or that which others have told them to be true. Often these preconceptions are, in fact, false.

It is the job of science class, then, to provide learning that takes those preconceptions and tests them against how the real world really works. Students make decisions and predict the accuracy of events based on relevant knowledge so it's important that the knowledge they do have is as accurate as possible.

Facilitating change in existing beliefs works best when students are provided opportunities to learn both explicit and tacit knowledge. There's nothing wrong with teaching kids science from a textbook but in order to really "get it" - in order to correlate that new information with other situations and future circumstances - students need to be given the opportunity to learn tacitly, as well. One of the best and most efficient ways to provide tacit learning is by incorporating lots of hands-on experimentation in science class. Help your kids learn how to think about science and how to process the information they observe so they make a mental connection with the material which actually becomes a physical change in the brain.

When you are looking for homeschool science curriculum for your kids, pay attention to the ratio of explicit and tacit knowledge contained with the material. Science courses should place a strong emphasis on experimentation. For best results, it should also help your kids make cognitive connection between science and other topics they are studying, such as language, math and even "fun" subjects like music. This learning methodology helps your kids gain a competitive advantage both now and in future endeavors.

Real Science-4-Kids frames science in a way that encourages kids to examine opposing models. To find out more about our books, check out our website. You can see the full text of all our books online for free, so you can decide for yourself if our books are the back-to-school science books you want for your child.

Find out more about the worldview neutral Real Science 4 Kids curriculum created by Dr. Rebecca Keller, herself a homeschool mom, and other home school teaching resources on our Real Science blog [http://www.realscienceblog.com].

Subject Specific Challenges to Making Science Labs Work

Most students do not go on to become scientists and for these students the main goal of science education should be to teach rigorous, evidence-based thinking and to convey a sense of wonder about the natural world. These goals can be met by any branch of science; there is no obvious reason why biology would be better than physics or Earth science would be more important than chemistry. Indeed, it is undoubtedly possible to point to curriculums and classes in all areas of science that do a wonderful job of teaching scientific thought. However, that doesn't mean that it is equally easy for teachers to meet these goals in every domain.

It is clearly important for students to have real, meaningful laboratory experiences in science classes. It is possible to have great labs in all branches of science but the challenges can be quite different. One of the big challenges in biology is that experiments often take an extended period of time. Frequently, getting results is simply not possible in a single, 45 minute class period. Even with 1.5 hour double periods, designing biology experiments that fit can be difficult. On the other hand, working with animals (and even plants, fungus, and protists) is inherently motivating and exciting for most students. Furthermore, many of the most important ideas in biology are less abstract and mathematical than the big ideas in physics and chemistry, and are therefore easier for many students to absorb.

In contrast, physics labs often get much quicker results than biology labs and can have the advantage of being visually dramatic. The difficulty for physics teachers is bridging the gap between the labs and the principles which they demonstrate. It's no secret that physics involves quite a bit of math and many students get so caught up in their struggles with the math that they are unable to see the ideas behind the formulas. One of the most successful solutions to this difficulty is conceptual physics classes, which are often successful in helping students understand the big ideas of physics.

Chemistry labs also tend to be quick enough to fit into class periods and they are often very exciting. Indeed, the most common request I get as a science teacher is for "explosions" which are almost entirely the domain of chemistry. With chemistry labs, the duel challenges are safety and connecting the macroscopic results with the microscopic reasons behind the results. Safety in chemistry labs is often best addressed by having well-designed, dedicated lab rooms in schools. When that is not possible, work-arounds using household chemicals instead of their more exciting and dangerous counterparts are sometimes possible. Connecting lab results with the actions of molecules is becoming easier for teachers as better and better computer simulations for chemistry education are developed.

Earth science is the fourth major branch of science and it is the most forgotten one. In some ways it is the broadest of the subjects; any study of earth science will inevitably touch on aspects of chemistry, physics, and biology. Designing earth science labs is quite challenging because it is impossible to actually manipulate landforms or weather in the classroom. For this reason, earth science labs rely strongly on models. Reliance on models can be a strength if it is used as an opportunity to really explore the place of models in science or it can be a weakness if simple models are used as stand-ins for complex systems without discussion.

Each branch of science has its own advantages and disadvantages from the point of view of a teacher designing a curriculum with a strong, relevant, and exciting laboratory component. For most students, it is not especially important which branch (or branches) that they study; rather it is important that they learn scientific thinking and evidence-based reasoning.

To find more information about homeschooling in New York, visit at: http://www.tutornewyorkcity.com/

True Education and the Path to Wisdom

Education is a slow process. There can be no shortcuts to a true and valued education. The acquisition of knowledge is not something to be confused with education. Factual learning and the development of knowledge-based learning is relevant in the process of acquiring an education, but this is merely a step in a process that never ends. The pursuit of knowledge and the acquisition of knowledge can at times be more ornamental than anything else, yet oftentimes is still coined, or regarded, as education.

True education extends far beyond the acquisition of knowledge, and is more than vocational training or preparation. Much of modern day forms of advanced education are vocational training that is essentially more or less preparation to qualify a student for entry into a particular career field. This too is oftentimes regarded as education, however, true education, similar to the acquisition of knowledge, is much more than this.

The acquisition of professional or vocational training through institutions of higher learning is driven by the desire or intent to "succeed" in modern society through means of professional advancement and accomplishment. Material effects, tangible results, numbers, and power, however, determine such advances, and forms of professional success. An education that concentrates emphasis on such outcomes, or is in such a way goal orientated, is not in line with what might be referred to as a traditional or classical form of education.

Modern education is easily compared to a business whereby the objective is to teach efficiency according to the capitalist code of social function. In this sense education is being used as a means to a certain end, rather than according to the more classical and traditional intention of aiding an individual in personal development and human growth intended to discipline the mind and ennoble the spirit.

What is typically considered to be education by modern standards is more often than not that which is geared toward success and profit, which translates into social image and status, which is then used to convert social groups into a certain form of belief system. This is not the true definition of education. This is formalized training. Compared to classical subjects such as philosophy, the study of science, medicine, and most recently trade and commerce, or business, as education are relatively new forms of what are commonly accepted as education.

True education, however, transcends all categories and subject areas that are taught, practiced, or trained. It is a way of life. It is an approach to living; a way of thinking and operating that comes from a slow maturation over time. As there are no short cuts in education, it is not so much what you have studied, and what you have learned, so much as it is what your studying and learning has taught you about yourself, life, the human condition, and moral values.

What in modern society is today considered formal education should, ideally, only be considered an introduction to a person's true education. The pursuit of understanding and the continued application of what one has learned in his or her own life and mode of living are a form of true education. It is something that if continued throughout one's life carries the potential to yield the most precious results that are to be offered from the pursuit of education itself.

True education is a combination of how a person approaches life, lives their life, values their life, and learns from their life's experience. Knowledge can be deceiving. True education must involve a form of self-mastery, whereby there exists a result that impacts behavior. The pursuit of knowledge may often be ego-driven, and a side effect of vanity. Knowledge or professional training, regardless of the field, do not necessarily equal education. Education is more a form of behavioral reform that arises from introspection, self-analysis, and understanding, which can only truly take place slowly, over the span of an entire lifetime.

Cheryl is an on and offline business researcher for a community of work-at-home seeker. Which also mint writing reviews on such companies. She also spent many years at a local entrepreneurial business institute researching the demographics for small businesses looking to open within a 3-month time span. Other research and article writing evolved health, education, finance, sports and movies. You can read more and view Cheryl's website at [http://www.cherthis.com/]

Thank you.

Educational Wellness Seems Lost in North American Society - But We Can Get it Back

The personal philosophy of education, of the members of any society, is not something to be taken lightly. Do you have an opinion about how the public education system should work? Fifteen years ago, I was employed in a public, suburban high school that served grades 8 to 12 and as a result of that employment; I formed a very definite personal philosophy of education.   My belief is that the education system is failing and the parents, who depend on it the most, have become so disempowered, that it would take a major change in how people think about educational wellness to make any real change. The writing has been on the wall since the 1950s that things are not working that well.  Good stress management skills are learned very young in life. 

Because the public education system, most often, meets children, at the tender age of five or six, it has the best chance possible to teach young people, the life skills needed to function as well-balanced adults. Unfortunately, the school experience is often so negative and destructive that children today really don't stand any chance. It's time for real change.  

Just like every other institution in society, the public education system served a valuable function at a particular time in history, but that philosophy of education is no longer serving our society. It has to change! We now know that educating groups of kids all at the same age in massive groups of 30 or more per class just doesn't cut it. Something has to change!  This model came into use after WW2 when the population grew dramatically in a short amount of time. Schools had to make big adjustments to accommodate the increased numbers of students and it wasn't long before children became little more than numbers in a cookie cutter education system.

The system began to weaken and even though the system was being stretched thinner and thinner, the system still wasn't interested in hearing your personal philosophy of education.  In the elementary classes, children still stayed with one teacher for the better part of each day but at the secondary level, the children were moved from class to class each hour like cattle on a cattle drive. Learning systems began to fail, drop out rates increased, violence and destructive behavior began to increase and today schools are some of the most dangerous places to send kids.

Educational experts tried all kinds of things to fix the problem and when school-based solutions didn't help, schools began dictating to parents how to raise their children. They began offering sex education; death education; and they began forcing families to put their, so called, ADD/ADHD children on Ritalin. Not only was your personal philosophy of education unimportant but now your parenting philosophy was being challenged as well.  When I attended high school, I had a mandatory reading list that included two well-known books-"Lord of the Flies" by William Golding and "1984" by George Orwell. The first book talked about the consequences of allowing a large group of same age, same gender children to be in charge of their own destiny. The results were not pretty. The second book discussed the effects on society when there is too much governmental interference and control. 

Again the picture was not particularly attractive. These two authors are considered by most to be some of the best writers of our time and yet we seem to have learned nothing from them. The individual parent's personal philosophy of education is considered to be quite irrelevant as schools continue to dictate to families.  Will it ever change? Can it change? I like to think that we can put an end to this very destructive educational model. We do not need to be dictated to by governments and unions. We are capable of raising the bar for the public education system. Schools have the ability to change, but families have to demand it. Parents cannot and should not be replaced as the stewards of educational wellness in society. Educational wellness is far too important to allow it to fall into the hands of politically motivated people. We have to return the system to the way it began. It has to, once again, be about the kids.

Jill Prince is the "PRINCE OF WELLNESS." She is the author and founder of http://www.strictly-stress-management.com and Solving the Wellness Challenge (TM). Through these companies, Jill teaches people how to solve all their wellness challenges using effective problem solving tools and techniques based on sound business and project management theories. Jill is, currently, a student in a Master's of Business Administration (MBA) Degree program through the University of Athabasca and she is a graduate of the E-Myth Worldwide Business Mastery Impact Program (2009).

Online Nursing Continuing Education - Benefits Over Traditional Method

The online nursing continuing education has been accepted by the professional world is evident with the fact that more and more people are joining the online nursing schools to get an online associate nursing degree. Another reason behind the growing popularity of online nursing continuing education is that it offers a wide range of accredited course for the aspiring students. Moreover, the working professionals are using it for moving ahead in their career. In fact, it works as a stepping-stone for rising higher on the ladder of success.

Increasing Importance of Online Schools

Different programs offered by the online associate nursing degree school have further increased the importance of online nursing continuing education. Both students and the professional fraternity have realized the importance of online nursing continuing education. With the help of the online nursing continuing education you can earn the degree of any level of your choice. Online nursing schools not only teach the concepts of the nursing to the students but also give them the opportunity of gaining practical experience. Thus, they become capable of handling any responsibility they get at different managerial and administrative positions.

While deciding from where to get the online nursing continuing education you must ascertain that the caliber of teaching staff is unquestionable. You may rest assured if the teaching staff is of higher caliber and have the required practical experience. There are several benefits of online nursing continuing education over the traditional method of getting education for nursing. The biggest benefit of online system of education is that you get the convenience of learning at your pace. You can complete the education without disturbing your day today working. Moreover, you can fulfill your personal commitments also while earning an online associate nursing degree.

Another advantage is that almost every body can afford it because one does not need to spend a big amount of money while getting online education. On the other hand when we compare it with the traditional method of getting education in standard nursing schools we will find that traditional schools are very expensive. If you believe that the online nursing continuing education is not as effective as the traditional one because the instructors and the students do not interact personally with each other then your assumption is not correct. In fact, online education is equally effective as the education we receive in the traditional institutes. Furthermore, the students of online nursing continuing education have the advantage of receiving the written lectures of the instructors.

Career Training Through Online Education and E - Learning by 2010

The appeal of an online education through distance learning as an educational alternative is ever increasing. "Its presence will continue to grow", say curriculum directors, who expect that by 2010 nearly a fifth of students will be taking some of their career training coursework through online education or E-learning at an online university or college.

Technological advances in medicine, aerospace, agriculture, the environment, communications and education permeate the world we live in. We have new drugs and vaccines, new ways to strengthen the immune system, the International Space Station, alternative crop and livestock systems, renewable energy sources, personalized information technology and E-learning, online education and distance learning.

oWith the introduction of $100 Laptops by MIT, E-learning will reach millions of children in developing nations like Brazil, China, South Africa, Egypt and others.

Nicholas Negroponte, co-founder of the Media Lab at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is working on a plan to distribute the laptops to schoolchildren. A goal of the project is to make the low-cost PC a grassroots movement like Linux or Wikipedia. The laptops will have a 500MHz processor, 1GB of memory and an innovative dual-mode display that can be used in full-color mode, or in a black-and-white sunlight-readable mode. Power for the new systems will be provided by electric current, batteries or by a windup crank attached to the side, since many countries do not have power in remote areas. The systems will be Wi-Fi and cell phone-enabled and will include four USB ports for connectivity. "The idea is simple. It's an education project that will make online education a simple reality."

Research has predicted that in the future more people will complete their studies at home as distance learning concepts continue to evolve. Over two million students enroll for online university and online college courses each year. Just as the world continues to change so must the conditions in which we live and learn. In a fast paced society we will see E-learning designed to accommodate busy students - time flexible, geographically independent, competitive cost and value and learner-centered. E-learning offers both synchronous and asynchronous modes of learning thus enabling a student to access information anywhere and at anytime. The numerous features and benefits of an Online Education and E-Learning will play a major role in post secondary career oriented education.

o E-learning is self-paced and gives students a chance to speed up or slow down as necessary

o Geographical barriers are eliminated, opening up broader education options

o 24/7 accessibility makes distance learning easy and allows a greater number of people to attend classes

o Travel time and associated costs (parking, fuel, vehicle maintenance) are reduced

o Online education fosters greater student interaction and collaboration

o E-learning is self-directed, allowing students more control over their learning process, leading up to a 60% faster learning curve.

o Web-based products allow instructors to update lessons and materials across the entire network instantly.

o Develops knowledge of the Internet that will help learners throughout their careers

o Exposure to resources not commonly found in standard classroom settings

Wireless technology has paved way for Mobile Learning, where one can easily access learning materials anywhere and at anytime. Instructional and communication techniques create an interactive online education environment including case studies, demonstrations, role-playing, simulations, streamed videos, online references, discussion groups, personalized coaching and mentoring, chat rooms, bulletin boards, tutorials, FAQ's and wizards.

Collaborative education will play an important role in developing future Online Education and E-learning strategies. Almost all Learning Management Systems (LMS) conforming to E-learning standards offer collaborative networks, enabling students from remote areas to share knowledge and communicate ideas with fellow classmates from around the country and the world.

Virtual and Augmented learning will gradually replace existing scenarios thus giving a new dimension to knowledge management. Certain concepts which are difficult to imagine or simulate can be implemented using augmented learning.